Sunday, February 15, 2009

Windows XP

The name XP is short for “experience” . Windows XP is created by Microsoft for personal computer, desktops, notebook computers and media centers.

There common editions of Windows XP are
Windows XP Home Edition: This is targeted to home user.

Windows XP Professional: It has additional features such as supports to Windows Server domains and two physical processors. This is targeted to business and enterprise clients.

Windows XP Media Center Edition: It has some additional multimedia features such as to record and watch TV shows, listen music and play DVD.

System Requirement:

Processor: 300 MHz or Higher

Memory: 128 MB or Higher

Video Adaptor and Monitor : Super VGA (800 x 600) or Higher resolution.

HDD free space : 1.5 GB or Higher

Microsoft has released three Service packs (SP1, SP2 and SP3) for Windows XP. Now Microsoft supports for only Windows XP SP2 and SP3. The new product in same category of operating system is Windows Vista.

Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Operating Systems

Operating system is a software program that enables the computer hardware to communicate and operate with the computer software. Computer without operating system is useless.

Operating system types
Many computer operating systems will fall into more than one categories.

GUI (Graphical User Interface): GUI Operating System contains graphics and icons and is commonly navigated by using a computer mouse.

Windows 98
Windows CE
Windows XP
Windows Vista

Multi-user - A multi-user operating system allows for multiple users to use the same computer at the same time and/or different times. Below are some examples of multi-user operating systems. Linux
Unix
Windows 2000 Windows 2003 Windows 2008

Multiprocessing - An operating system capable of supporting and utilizing more than one computer processor. Below are some examples of multiprocessing operating systems.
Linux
Unix
Windows 2000
Windows 2003
Windows 2008

Multitasking - An operating system that is capable of allowing multiple software processes to run at the same time. Below are some examples of multitasking operating systems.
Unix
Windows 2000
Windows 2003
Windows 2008

Multithreading - Operating systems that allow different parts of a software program to run concurrently. Operating systems that would fall into this category are:
Linux
Unix
Windows 2000
Windows 2003
Windows 2008

Some Operating systems
MacOS
MS-DOS
IBM OS/2 Wrap
Windows CE
Windows 3.x
Windows 95
Windows 98
Windows 98 SE
Windows ME
Windows NT
Windows 2000
Windows XP
Windows Vista
Windows 2003
Windows 2008

Thursday, February 5, 2009

MS DOS

Microsoft Disk Operating System is a command line user interface. Firstly introduced in 1981 for IBM computers. It was lastly updated in 1994 when MS-DOS 6.22 was released. Now a day the command shell is using for Microsoft Windows. 

Microsoft DOS History.

MSDOS 1.0 was released in August, 1981.

MSDOS 1.25 was released in August, 1982.

MSDOS 2.0 was released in March, 1983.

Microsoft introduces MSDOS 3.0 for the IBM PC AT and MS-DOS 3.1 for networks.

MSDOS 3.2 was released in April, 1986.

MSDOS 3.3 was released in April, 1987.

MSDOS 4.0 was released in July, 1988.

MSDOS 4.01 was released in November, 1988.

MSDOS 5.0 was released in June, 1991.

MSDOS 6.0 was released in August, 1993.

MSDOS 6.2 was released in November, 1993

MSDOS 6.21 was released in March, 1994

MSDOS 6.22 was released in April, 1994


Some MSDOS Commands.

DIR -- List The Directories.

CD -- Change the Directory.

MD -- Make the Directory.

RD -- Remove the Directory.

DEL -- Delete the files.

COPY -- Copy the files from source to destination folder.

EDIT -- Edit the file.

REN -- Rename the file or folder.

CLS -- Clear the Screen.

FORMAT -- Format the disk or drives.

 



Monday, February 2, 2009

Types of Operating systems.

Real-time Operating Systems: 

It is used to control industrial systems, scientific instruments and machinery. RTOS has very little user-interface capability, and no end-user utilities. A very important part of an RTOS is managing the resources of the computer so that a particular operation executes in precisely the same amount of time every time it occurs.


Single-user, Single-tasking Operating System:

This operating system is designed to manage the computer so that one user can effectively do one thing at a time. The Palm handheld computers are a good example of a modern single-user, single-task operating system.


Single-user, Multi-tasking Operating System:

This operating system most people use on there desktop and laptop computers. Windows 98 and Mac O.S. are examples of this operating system that will let a single user have several programs in operation at the same time. For example, a Windows user to be writing a note in a word processor while downloading a file from the Internet.


Multi-user Operating Systems:

A multi-user operating system allows many users to take advantage of the computer's resources simultaneously. The operating system must make sure that the requirements of the various users are balanced, and that each of the programs they are using has sufficient and separate resources so that a problem with one user doesn't affect the entire community of users. Unix, VMS, and mainframe operating systems are examples of multi-user operating systems. 

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